Chem-Carb India

Supplier of Specialty Chemicals, Calcium Binding Channels, Precipitated Silica gel, charcoal stripped, heat-inactivated Serum

Structural insights into binding of STAC proteins to voltage-gated calcium channels. The Role of Astaxanthin on Transcriptional Regulation of NMDA Receptors Voltage Sensitive Calcium Channels and Calcium Binding Proteins in Primary Cortical Neurons. 

Anti-obesity, slimming, biochemical and genotoxic effects of Cordia ecalyculata in diet-induced obese rats

Jasmine 0 Comments , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
Background: Overweight and obesity are associated with deaths and diseases worldwide.
Cordia ecalyculata is a plant marketed as a slimmer.
Methods: The study evaluated the anti-obesity effects of the dry extract from C. ecalyculata in rats fed with a standard diet (STD) or cafeteria diet (CD) receiving the dry extract from C. ecalyculata at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg for 40 days. Furthermore, it evaluated the slimming effect on diet-induced obese rats by the treatment with the same doses for 30 days.
The bodyweight of the rats, as well as the intake of food, was measured. Blood samples were collected to determine the liver function (albumin, alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glucose), renal function (urea and creatinine), and lipid profile (cholesterol, triglycerides).
Results: The genotoxic effect in peripheral blood was assessed through the comet assay.
A lower C. ecalyculata dose significantly prevented the weight gain in rats fed with STD and CD and decreased body weight and intake food of obese rats. The biochemical parameters were not altered, except to increase the serum albumin.
Only the higher dose induced DNA damage when evaluated in rats fed with CD in the slimming evaluation model used.
Conclusions: These results reinforce the extract as an anti-obesity and slimming supplement.
Keywords: Cordia ecalyculata; comet assay; hepatic profile; obesity.

Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Activity of Ultra-Short Wave Diathermy on LPS-Induced Rat Lung Injury

We studied the lung-protective effect and mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of ultra-short-wave diathermy (USWD) in a rat model of LPS-induced acute lung injury.
Histological examination of the lung tissues was performed and the levels of oxidative stress-related factors and inflammatory cytokines were measured.
It was shown that the lung injury score, the lung wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D), oxidative stress-related factors malondialdehyde and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4), and inflammatory cytokines were increased after LPS administration, while USWD treatment reduced these parameters.
In addition, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase 4 were decreased in rats with LPS-induced acute lung injury, while USWD therapy up-regulated the expression of these enzymes.
Thus, USWD could antagonize lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory response in rats with acute lung injury.
USWD can be a promising adjunctive treatment to counter oxidative stress and inflammation and a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of patients with this pathology.

Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs) of Lysine and Effects of Anti-TCR/Anti-TNF-α Antibody-Based Therapy in the LEW.1AR1 -iddm Rat, an Animal Model of Human Type 1 Diabetes

The LEW.1AR1-iddm rat is an animal model of human type 1 diabetes (T1D). Previously, we have shown that combination with anti-TCR/anti-TNF-α antibody-based therapy re-established normoglycemia and increased proteinic arginine-dimethylation in the spleen, yet not in the pancreas.
High blood glucose is often associated with elevated formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) which act via their receptor (RAGE). Both anti-TCR and anti-TNF-α are inhibitors of RAGE. The aim of the present work was to investigate potential biochemical changes of anti-TCR/anti-TNF-α therapy in the LEW.1AR1-iddm rat.
We determined by stable-isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) the content of free and proteinic AGEs and the Nε-monomethylation of lysine (Lys) residues in proteins of pancreas, kidney, liver, spleen and lymph nodes of normoglycemic control (ngCo, n = 6), acute diabetic (acT1D, n = 6), chronic diabetic (chT1D, n = 4), and cured (cuT1D, n = 4) rats after anti-TCR/anti-TNF-α therapy.
Analyzed biomarkers included Lys and its metabolites Nε-carboxymethyl lysine (CML), furosine and Nε-monomethyl lysine (MML). Other amino acids were also determined. Statistical methods including ANOVA, principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the effects.
Most statistical differences between the study groups were observed for spleen, pancreas and kidney, with liver and lymph nodes showing no such differences. In the pancreas, the groups differed with respect to proteinic furosine (p = 0.0289) and free CML (p = 0.0023). In the kidneys, the groups differed with respect to proteinic furosine (p = 0.0076) and CML (p = 0.0270).
In the spleen, group differences were found for proteinic furosine (p = 0.0114) and free furosine (p = 0.0368), as well as for proteinic CML (p = 0.0502) and proteinic MML (p = 0.0191).
The acT1D rats had lower furosine, CML and MML levels in the spleen than the rats in all other groups. This observation corresponds to the lower citrullination levels previously measured in these rats. PCA revealed diametric associations between PC1 and PC2 for spleen (r = -0.8271, p < 0.0001) compared to pancreas (r = 0.5805, p = 0.0073) and kidney (r = 0.8692, p < 0.0001).
These findings underscore the importance of the spleen in this animal model of human T1D. OPLS-DA showed that in total sixteen amino acids differed in the experimental groups.

Intravenous administration of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue and umbilical cord improves neuropathic pain via suppression of neuronal damage and anti-inflammatory actions in rats

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are isolated from adipose tissue (AD-MSCs), umbilical cord (UC-MSCs), or bone marrow, have therapeutic potential including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities.
It was recently reported that MSCs are also effective as a therapeutic treatment for neuropathic pain, although the underlying mechanisms have yet to be resolved.
Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of human AD- and UC-MSCs on neuropathic pain and its mechanisms using rat models of partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL). AD- or UC-MSCs were intravenously administered 4 days after PSNL.
Antinociceptive effects were then evaluated using the von Frey and weight-bearing tests. We found that, 3-9 days after the administration of AD- or UC-MSCs to PSNL-exposed rats, both the mechanical threshold and differences in weight-bearing of the right and left hind paws were significantly improved.
To reveal the potential underlying antinociceptive mechanisms of MSCs, the levels of activation transcription factor 3- and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1-positive cells were measured by immunohistochemical analysis. AD- and UC-MSCs significantly decreased the levels of these proteins that were induced by PSNL in the dorsal root ganglia.
Additionally, UC-MSC significantly improved the PSNL-induced decrease in the myelin basic protein level in the sciatic nerve, indicating that UC-MSC reversed demyelination of the sciatic nerve produced by PSNL.
These data suggest that AD- and UC-MSCs may help in the recovery of neuropathic pain via the different regulations; AD-MSCs exhibited their effects via suppressed neuronal damage and anti-inflammatory actions, while UC-MSCs exhibited their effects via suppressed neuronal damage, anti-inflammatory actions and remyelination.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published.